rudeolzner



(No Model.)

2 Sheets-Sheet 1. G. RUDHOLZNER.

TEL-LURIAN.

Patented Nov. 21. 1882.

INVENTOR 4 m/ ATTORNEY ay/K gmphur. Wishingiom u. c.

(No Model.) 2 Sheds-Sheet 2.

G. RUDHOLZNER.

TELLURIAN.

Patented Nov. 21, 1882.

dig-6 Z2 W ITNESSESr INVENTDR J SAAYLIRMMW fiZY MM mm/ %M W ATTQRNEY UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GEORG RUDHOLZNER, OF REIGHENHALL, BAVARIA, GERMANY.

TELLURIAN.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 267,940, dated November 21, 1882,

Application filed July 20, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, GEoRG RUDHoLzNER, a citizen of the German Empire, residing at Beichenhall, in the Kingdom of Bavaria, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Tellurians, of which the fpllowing is a specification.

The tellurian herein described is intended for the stereometric illustration of a new theory of the motion of heavenly bodies, propounded by me. This theory rests on the following principles, namely: that the earth, insteadof moving in an ellipsis around the sun, with a middle distance of twenty-one millions geographical miles, moves in a circle of six hundred and nineteen thousand geographical miles diameter; This circle must be regarded as the basic circle of a cone whose apex liesin the sun and whose convex surface is described annually by the line connecting the center of the earth with the center of the sun. The second motion of the terrestrial globe consists in a daily rotation round an axis between the north and south poles, moving constantly in the plane of the basic circle of the aforesaid cone.

Besides, our globe turns in the space of one year round itself-that is, round an axis which stands vertically on the plane of the cones basic circle.

The invention consists principally in the combination of a circular stand provided with a central column supporting a ball designed to represent the sun, a horizontal arm pivoted to the base of said column,a shorter column carried by said arm near the circumference of the stand and adapted to revolve around the central column, said shorter column being adapted to rotate on its vertical axis, and a sphere designed to represent the earth supported at the upper forked end of the shorter column, and adapted to rotate on a horizontal axis, whereby the several revolutionary and rotary movements of the earth may be represented in accordance with the theory sought to be established by me.

i In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 represents a side elevation of this improved apparatus. Fig. 2 is a plan view, partlyin sec tion, on line a a, Fig. 1. Figs. 3, 4, and 5 are respectively a sideelevation, front elevation, and plan of the apparatusin a modified form.

a horizontal swiveling arm, E, which carries at its outer end-a shorter vertical column, F. This'column is forked at its upper end and carries a horizontally-pivoted ball, G, designed to represent the earth. This ball is turned on its horizontal axis to represent the diurnal rotation of the earth, and by means of the swivelin g arm it is revolved around the central column carrying .the ball representing the sun to representthe yearly rotation. The line connecting the centers of the sun and of the earth, and illustrating the solar rays falling perpendicularly upon the surface of the earth, is indicated by a brass wire, b, which is held by an arm, d, attached to the center column. The

plane which stands perpendicular to this central line and passes through the earth-center, dividing the globe into a light and a dark hemisphere, is represented by a ring, I, which surrounds the globe. The angle formed by this plane with the plane of the sphere described by the earth is of twenty-three and one-half degrees. This shadow-ring l is attached to a support, m, which slides on an arm, a, being horizontally adjusted thereon by means of a. set-screw, m. The arm n is vertically' adjustable on the column 0 by means of a set-screw, a. By these means the ring may be accurately adjusted.

The pedestal of the earth-globe contains a compass, P. An opening, q, is provided in the arm,to enable the compass to be seen when the globe is turned on its vertical axis, so that the compass is carried beneath said arm. The arm is again perforated or slotted at the place where it leads over the graduation of pedestal B. An ivory pin, r, is fixed in the slot to insure exact reading.

The circle described by the center of the earth is projected on the base-plate as circle 8.

to the diameter of the earth, are marked by the circles t and u.

Figs. 1 and 2 show the tellurian in the position north-south of the. earth, and in the same direction as the needle of the compass, which falls into one plane with the center plane thereof. The direction in which the earth moves is indicated by the arrow in circle 8. In completing a revolution of the earth and taking into consideration the fact that in so doing it turns once on the vertical axis, the south pole will describe circle o, and the north pole the circle to. The solar center lies to these circles in an eccentric, which fact gave rise to the belief that the sun was in the focus of an elliptic path described by the earth.

Within the cirelet the twelve constellations of the zodiac in their positions to the orbit of the earth are represented, so that in every position of the latter it can be seen which constellation she stands in.

Figs. 3 to 5 show a more simple tellurian, consisting merely of the globe G, with column F, pedestal, and shadow-ring l. The ring is supported by four arms, a, attached to a loose socket, 00, whereby it may he moved around the column. An arm, b,bears the arrow N, which indicates the perpendicular ray of light represented in Fig. l by the wire b. Fig. 4 gives an upper view of this tellurian, the shadowring being thought, for clearness sake, to be folded in the horizontal plane. On both forms the shadow-rings bear on their circumference the names of the months, while the form shown I in Figs. 3 to 5 is provided, besides, with an ext-ra graduation. The plate is in this replaced bya diagram on linen. By moving the globes in their respective circles every position ofthe earth in her annual revolution around the sun, the turns of the seasons, the position of the earth in the celestial space, the declination of the sun, &c., can be clearly reproduced.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 7 axis parallel with the plane of said basic circle, a main column for supporting the sun-ball, a lower column provided with forked supports for the earth-ball, and a horizontally-swiveling arm which turns on the main column and carries the lower column, substantially as described.

.2. The combination, in a tellurian, of a balldesigned to represent the sun, a ball designed to represent the earth, adapted to revolve in the basic circle of an imaginary cone the apex of which lies in the sun-ball, also adapted to rotate on an axis parallel with the plane of said basic circle and on an axisat right angles to said plane, a main column for supporting the sun-ball, a lower column provided with forked supports for the earth-ball and adapted to swivel on its vertical axis, and a horizontallyswiveling arm which turns on the main column and carries-the lower column, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I have signed my name in presence of two subscribing witnesses.

enone RUDHOLZNER. [L. s]

\Vitnesses EUGEN GUGEL, EMIL HENZEL. 

